Project Documents

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South China Sea gulf of thailand project document.

Major outcomes will include an approved Strategic Action Programme including, a targeted and costed programme of action and a recommended framework for improved regional co-operation in the management of the environment of the South China Sea; a series of national and regional management plans for specific habitats and issues; 9 demonstration management activities at sites of regional and global significance; a regional management plan for maintenance of transboundary11 fish stocks in the Gulf of Thailand; pilot activities relating to alternative remedial actions to address priority transboundary pollutants and adopted water quality objectives and standards. Activities include national level analyses and reviews, management of demonstration activities and regional harmonisation and o-ordination of national level actions.

South China Sea Project Document for Thailands Trat Mangrove Habitat Demonstration Site

The Trat mangrove forest is located in the easternmost area of Thailand where the coastline is inundated by diurnal tides. All the mangrove areas here are tidal flats showing no mud lobster (Thalassina anomala Herbst.) mounds. There are 5 species associations in the forest: Avicennia- Sonneratia, Rhizophora, Bruguiera, Ceriops, and umnitera-Excoecaria-Xylocarpus, which together consist of 20 genera and 33 true mangrove species and 36 associate mangrove species (Tables 1 and 2 of Annex 1). Important mangrove species found in the forest include large-leaved mangroves (Rhizophora mucronata), small-leaved mangroves (R. apiculata), Ceriops decandra, C. tagal, Bruguiera sexangula, B. parviflora, Xylocarpus spp .and Lumnitzera spp. 32 species of crustacean are recorded from mangrove habitats in this province together with 55 species of fish.

South China Sea Project Document for Vietnams Phu Quoc Coral Reef Habitat Demonstration Site

Fringing coral reefs occur around almost all of the islands in the An Thoi area (Southern islands) and some locations around Phu Quoc, the biggest island. Patch reefs are also observed in some shallow waters far from the islands. Data collected from 12 transects in 2002 showed rather good condition of the reefs in Phu Quoc with mean coral cover ranging from high to moderate. According to the division of English et al. (1994), 25 % reefs were in good condition, 58.3 % reefs in fair condition and 16.7 % reefs in poor condition.

South China Sea Project Document for Chinas Hepu Seagrass Habitat Demonstration Site

The seagrass bed, including the adjacent area, is complicated, consisting of a deep slot and sand ridge arrangement. There is a strong current along this part of the coast, which causes erosion due to the tides and wave action. The topography of the seabed includes tidal shoal, tidal and deep slot, tidal sand ridge, and seabed plain.The weather is influenced by the south subtropical ocean quarter breeze Influence of the atmospheric-circulation and the geographic location results in some favourable weather characteristics, for example, winter has no frost, summer is not hot, spring and autumn are short, and the quarter breeze is extensive. Average air temperature is 22.9 , with a high of 38.2 , and a low of 1.5 . Wind direction varies with the season throughout the year with prevailing winds in the winter from the northeast and from the southwest in summer, with an average wind velocity of 3.7m/ s. The average annual rainfall was 1573.4 mm in recent years, with 83% occurring in the summer half of the year. The rain falls on average for 144 days per year. Influence of typhoons is important, with two or three occurring every year, usually between July and September, (CCCBR, 1993).

South China Sea Gulf of Thailand - Project Brief. 42p. - [151K]

Major outcomes will include an approved Strategic Action Programme including, a targeted and costed programme of action and a recommended framework for improved regional co-operation in the management of the environment of the South China Sea; a series of national and regional management plans for specific habitats and issues; 9 demonstration management activities at sites of regional and global significance; a regional management plan for maintenance of transboundary3 fish stocks in the Gulf of Thailand; pilot activities relating to alternative remedial actions to address priority transboundary pollutants and adopted water quality objectives and standards.

South China Sea Project Document for Indonesias Coral Reef Habitat Demonstration Site

This project will work with local government, members of the DPRD (Local Parliament), opinion leaders, law enforcement officers and the private sector to generate support for empowerment of coastal communities and sustainable reef management. Commitment will be manifested through programs and activities developed together to address the issues identified during Program preparation, the initial socialization and ongoing information gathering activities.

South China Sea Project Document for the Philippines Masinloc Coral Reef Habitat Demonstration Site

There are several initiatives that have been made which are linked to national priorities, action plans and programmes. It was in 1991 when the local government code was legislated under Republic Act 7061. The Republic Act 8550 and the Fisheries Code was then formulated in 1998. Both enactments support the local governments primary role in marine sanctuary management and coastal resources management. In 2001 the Wildlife Act under Republic Act 9147 was made for the protection of biodiversity and regulation of bioperspectives and research in the Philippines. For the management of marine protected areas and sanctuaries, the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act and Republic Act 8435, Agriculture & Fisheries Modernization respectively have been instruments that have been used to support activities on site. It was also in 1994 where the Oyon Bay was declared as protected seascape thus facilitating the establishment of an environment fund. Republic Act 8435, Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization was also established for the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples, and also technical support especially research in the area.

South China Sea Project Document for Cambodias Kampot Seagrass Habitat Demonstration Site

The seagrass meadows are located in parallel to the coastline of Prek Ampil, which extends 150-300m from the shoreline in front of Bokor National Park. The area has a gentle slope with the depth of the site varying from 1-4m, depending on tide level. The substrate consists of a mixture of sand and mud and the climate is tropical monsoon with a clear distinction between wet and dry seasons. The dry season runs from November to May while the wet season is from May to October. Mean annual temperature is around 26 – 27oC. Visibility in the water is dependent on the season, with reduced visibility during the wet season. Much freshwater runoff during heavy rainfall influences salinity which ranges from 25 – 30 ppt. Sea surface temperatures range from 26 - 30°C.

South China Sea Project Document for the Philippines Bolinao Seagrass Habitat Demonstration Site

Cape Bolinao (see the map in Appendix 1) is found on the northwestern tip of Pangasinan and is surrounded by the most extensive coral reef in the Lingayen Gulf (Mc Manus et al., 1992). It is on the western edge of Lingayen Gulf facing the South China Sea on the north and west and the Caquiputan Strait on the east. Cape Bolinao has one major island, Santiago Island and several small islands and atolls. Within the coral reef, the seagrass beds are patchy with an approximate area of 25km2 (Fortes, 1995). The geology of the mainland part of Bolinao is basically limestone with its topsoil producing only limited crops, thus agriculture provides only a limited contribution to the town’s economy. Most of its livelihood has been heavily dependent on the harvest from the marine environment (McManus et al. 1992). Bolinao has a distinct dry and wet season. The rainy period starts about early May and ends in mid-October (Rollon 1998).

South China Sea Project Document for Cambodias Peam Krasop Mangrove and Wetland Habitat

The proposed demonstration site for mangrove and wetland represents the entire Peam Krasop Wildlife Sanctuary, which is one of the 23 protected areas in Cambodia, was officially established on 1st November 1993 by the Royal Decree for the Creation and Designation of Protected Areas It is also one of the 10 Cambodian Wildlife Sanctuaries and of the 6 protected areas in Koh Kong Province. The map of Peam Krasop demonstration site is attached as in Annex 1) the total area being around 25,897 ha. The area has an elevation of 0 – 2 metres, a perimeter of around 61,050 metres and lies in a deltaic flood plain bisected by numerous distributary channels and salt water inlets. The area lies about 15 km South-east of Koh Kong Town near the border with Trat Province of Thailand.

South China Sea Project Document for Thailands Mu Koh Chang Coral Reef Habitat Demonstration Site

Beautiful and diverse coral reef organisms are attractive to tourists and there are quite substantial numbers of visitors snorkeling and SCUBA diving over coral reefs. A total of 384,733 stay and non-stay tourists, including both domestic and foreign, were recorded by the Tourism Authority of Thailand in 2000. There are numerous hotels and resorts, especially along the western coast of Koh Chang.